Microscope
Company Profile
Jiangxi Phenix Optical Technology Co., Ltd. is the first listed company in the Chinese optical industry (SSE code: 600071), which was successfully listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1997. It covers an area of about 333,000㎡ and employees about 3300 people.
We offer exclusive services you can't find with other companies. We have developed a unique service system designed to assist you in building your own microscopes And of course our team members are always standing by to help you, Chat, Phone, or Email.
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We offer exclusive services you can't find with other companies. We have developed a unique service system designed to assist you in building your own Microscopes And of course our team members are always standing by to help you, Chat, Phone, or Email.
Factory
Jiangxi Phenix Optical Technology Co., Ltd. is the first listed company in the Chinese optical industry (SSE code: 600071), which was successfully listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1997. It covers an area of about 333,000㎡ and employees about 3300 people.
Our Certificate
We always feel that the success of our company is directly related to the quality of the products we offer. They meet the highest quality requirements as stipulated in ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001 and SGS authentication, and our stringent quality control system.
Production Equipment
We have a huge production workshop and production equipment, under the premise of ensuring quality can quickly complete the order production.
What is a microscope?
The microscope is a laboratory instrument used to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye, Microscopy is the science of investigating small objects and structures using the microscope, Microscopic means being invisible to the eye unless aided by a microscope.
There are many types of microscopes, The most common microscope is the optical microscope, which uses lenses to refract visible light that passes through a thinly sectioned sample to produce an observable image. Other major types of microscopes are the fluorescence microscope, electron microscope (both the transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscope), and various types of scanning probe microscopes.
Easy to operate
As they are simple to set up and can be operated by anyone with minimal training and knowledge, portable microscopes are accessible to any user.
Inexpensive
Portable microscopes are much cheaper than other microscopes, including electron microscopes (which can cost upwards of several thousand dollars). This makes them ideal instruments for schools, colleges, or research projects with a limited budget.
Space
As portable microscopes tend to be small, they do not take up much space in the laboratory. Where space is a premium, multiple microscopes can be set up, so studies can be done in tandem with each other as part of an overall project.
Easily transportable
Being light and portable, these microscopes can be deployed in the field at a minimum of cost and effort. This makes them especially ideal for field studies, including setting up mobile laboratories in outbreak zones.
Non-perturbing
The non-destructive nature of light for observation of cellular structures means that living cells can be imaged for long periods. Cell dynamics can, therefore, be studied effectively using these microscopes.
Type of Microscope
This instrument contains two lens systems for magnifying specimens: the ocular lens in the eyepiece and the objective lens located in the nosepiece. The specimen is illuminated by a beam of tungsten light focused on it by a sub-stage lens called a condenser, and the result is that the specimen appears dark against a bright background. A major limitation of this system is the absence of contrast between the specimen and the surrounding medium, which makes it difficult to observe living cells. Therefore, most brightfield observations are performed on nonviable, stained preparations.
This is similar to the ordinary light microscope; however, the condenser system is modified so that the specimen is not illuminated directly. The condenser directs the light obliquely so that the light is deflected or scattered from the specimen, which then appears bright against a dark background. Living specimens may be observed more readily with darkfield than with brightfield microscopy.
Observation of microorganisms in an unstained state is possible with this microscope. Its optics include special objectives and a condenser that make visible cellular components that differ only slightly in their refractive indexes. As light is transmitted through a specimen with a refractive index different from that of the surrounding medium, a portion of the light is refracted (bent) due to slight variations in density and thickness of the cellular components. The special optics convert the difference between transmitted light and refracted rays, resulting in a significant variation in the intensity of light and thereby producing a discernible image of the structure under study. The image appears dark against a light background.
This microscope is used most frequently to visualize speci-mens that are chemically tagged with a fluorescent dye. The source of illumination is an ultraviolet (UV) light obtained from a high-pressure mercury lamp or hydrogen quartz lamp. The ocular lens is fitted with a filter that permits the longer ultraviolet wavelengths to pass, while the shorter wavelengths are blocked or eliminated. Ultraviolet radiations are absorbed by the fluorescent label, and the energy is reemitted in the form of a different wavelength in the visible light range. The fluorescent dyes absorb at wavelengths between 230 and 350 nanometers (nm) and emit orange, yellow, or greenish light. This microscope is used primarily for the detection of antigen-antibody reactions.
Medical Sciences, Life Sciences & Research: Compound Microscopes help identify bacteria, viruses, and microbes in detail so that diagnosis and treatment of the disease become easy. Humans’ greatest contribution to healthcare would not have been possible without the use of microscopes. Scientists and lab professionals use this device to study various viruses and bacteria and find cures for various diseases.
Pathology: A compound microscope is one of the important diagnostic tools that a pathologist uses. A pathologist spends hours on a microscope during the day to examine many specimens. So they need to have a microscope that has an ergonomic design and comfortable viewing angle. These days, getting a crystal clear image on a high-definition screen using a camera has eased their life.
Education: In various institutions, colleges, schools, and universities, among various optical instruments, teaching microscopes will be found in every laboratory of major departments. Students use microscopes to learn new things, understand the world around them, and try to understand the basic building blocks of everything around us, what a cell looks like. Because of its excellent usage, it is one of the favorite devices of students all around the globe.
Biology: Biology is a diverse field and is not just restricted to cell imaging. Inverted microscopes are the backbone of studying biology. An inverted microscope allows the user to place the petri dish on a flat stage, with the objective lenses housed beneath the stage. Inverted microscopes are used for in vitro fertilization, live-cell imaging, developmental biology, and cell biology. This device is also used for observing microorganisms and their features. In this field, even compound microscopes are used to study bacteria, cells, and many more.
Industrial Application: The type of microscope used for measuring, quality control, inspection, and use in soldering, watch industry, and manufacturing processes is called a stereo microscope. Each of these different industrial inspection microscopes provides a unique solution in the inspection process. The stereo microscopes are available with built-in lights and external fiber optic lights.
Microscopes are effectively just tubes packed with lenses, curved pieces of glass that bend (or refract) light rays passing through them. The simplest microscope of all is a magnifying glass made from a single convex lens, which typically magnifies by about 5–10 times. Microscopes used in homes, schools, and professional laboratories are actually compound microscopes and use at least two lenses to produce a magnified image. There's a lens above the object (called the objective lens) and another lens near your eye (called the eyepiece or ocular lens). Each of these may, in fact, be made up of a series of different lenses. Most compound microscopes can magnify by 10, 20, 40, or 100 times, though professional ones can magnify by 1000 times or more. For greater magnification than this, scientists generally use electron microscopes.
Photo: Ordinary microscopes are "powered" by light. When light shines on the specimen at the bottom, it travels straight through or reflects off the surface, passing up through the lenses into the eyepiece. Microscopes that use light are called optical microscopes to distinguish them from electron microscopes, which use electrons for seeing instead of light. Photo by Peggy Greb courtesy of US Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS).
Imagine a fly sitting on the table in front of you. The big, fat, compound eye on the front of its head is just a few millimeters across, but it's made up of around 6,000 tiny segments, each one a tiny, functioning eye in miniature. To see a fly's eye in detail, our own eyes would need to be able to process details that are millimeters divided into thousands—millionths of a meter (or microns, as they're usually called). Your eyes may be good, but they're not that good. To study a fly's eye really well, you'd need it to be maybe 10–100 cm (4–40 in) across---the sort of size it would be in a nice big photo. That's the job a microscope does.
Tips for Focusing the Microscope
Focusing a microscope can be a challenging task, especially for beginners. However, with a few useful tips, it becomes a very easy task.
Start with the lowest objective lens
When using a microscope, it is essential to start by using the lowest objective lens. It allows you to locate the specimen and determine its position.
Adjust the stage height
Adjust the stage height so that the specimen is as close to the objective lens as possible. This will provide the clearest view of the specimen.
Use the coarse adjustment knob
The coarse adjustment knob is responsible for moving the stage up and down. When focusing, start by using the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage up and down until the specimen is in focus.
Use the fine adjustment knob
Once the specimen is in focus, use the fine adjustment knob to fine-tune the focus. This knob moves the stage very slightly and helps you focus on the smallest details in the specimen.
Adjust the diaphragm and light source
The diaphragm controls the intensity of light that passes through the specimen. Adjusting the diaphragm can help enhance the contrast and clarity of the specimen. Similarly, adjusting the light source can help you see the specimen more clearly.
Practice makes perfect
Focusing the microscope is a skill that requires practice. The more you practice, the better you will become at focusing on the smallest details in the specimen.
Functions and Parts of a Microscope
Eyepiece: Also known as the ocular, this part is used to view the specimen. It is located at the top of the microscope.
Eyepiece holder: Often called the eyepiece tube, it holds the eyepiece above the objective lens. Some microscopes have adjustable eyepiece tubes to accommodate differences in viewing distances.
Objective lenses: These are the primary lenses used to visualize the specimen. They have a magnification range of 40x–100x. A microscope usually has one to four objective lenses, with different magnification powers.
Nose piece: Also known as the revolving turret, it holds the objective lenses. As it can rotate, it allows for easy switching between lenses of different magnification.
Adjustment knobs: These are used to focus the microscope. They come in two types: coarse adjustment knobs and fine adjustment knobs.
Stage: This is where the specimen is placed. Stage clips hold the specimen slides in place. A mechanical stage, which allows for precise movement of the slides, is the most common type.
Aperture: This is a hole in the stage that allows light from the source to reach the specimen.
Microscopic illuminator: Located at the base of the microscope, it provides the light source. It uses a low voltage of only 100 volts to gather light from an external source. It replaces the need for a mirror.
Condenser: These lenses collect and focus light from the illuminator onto the specimen. They are located below the stage and are crucial for producing sharp, bright images at high magnifications of 400X and above.
Diaphragm: Also known as the iris, it is located under the stage and controls the amount of light reaching the specimen. It adjusts the intensity and size of the light beam hitting the specimen.
Condenser focus knob: It adjusts the focus of light on the specimen by moving the condenser up or down.
The rack stop: It controls the maximum upward movement of the stage to prevent the objective lens from coming too close to the specimen slide, which could damage the specimen. It prevents the specimen slide from rising too high and colliding with the objective lens.
How to Keep Your Microscope Clean
Handle with care
Improper handling is a common cause of many problems that occur with microscopes. When carrying a microscope, hold it by the base and the metal support arm. The stage on a microscope is the flat plate where the slides are placed for observation. Avoid picking your microscope up by the stage or the eyepiece holder, as this can cause misalignment.
Look after lenses
When using your microscope, be careful not to let the lens touch the slide you’re looking at, as this can damage the lens. Clean optics are essential for successful microscopy and perfect images. The choice of cleaning methods depends on the nature of the optical surface concerned and the type of dirt to be removed. Additionally, many microscopes are commonly shared by several users. Therefore, they bear the risk of being contaminated with microorganisms.
Keep it covered
Whether transporting or storing your instrument, make the most of the microscope bag and remember to keep your microscope covered when not in use. The microscope’s eye tubes also need to be kept dust free. If the eyepieces need to be removed, cover the tubes with caps and store them with the microscope. For long-term storage, microscopes should be kept with a dust cover.
Store it safely
Ensure you store your microscope in a clean, dry space with good ventilation. Salt air or damp, for example, can cause damage to equipment over time. Expensive, precision equipment should not be stored next to solutions that may leak. Similarly, keep your microscope away from areas with potentially corrosive chemical fumes. Such fumes can destroy lenses or corrode metal parts.
Be gentle
Microscope lenses are delicate. Treat them carefully to avoid any scratches. Moisten special lens paper with distilled water or appropriate cleaning solution. Rubbing gently in a circular motion will remove any sticky residue. Never use anything abrasive on microscope lenses. When using the Oil immersion technique is important to ensure careful cleaning takes place immediately after using the oil.
Maintain your microscope
An annual maintenance check of microscopes is always a good idea. Moving parts should be cleaned and lubricated. Similarly, inspect the power cords and plugs for safety.
Jiangxi Phenix Optical Technology Co., Ltd. is the first listed company in the Chinese optical industry (SSE code: 600071), which was successfully listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1997. It covers an area of about 333,000㎡ and employs about 3300 people.
Our Certificate
We always feel that the success of our company is directly related to the quality of the products we offer. They meet the highest quality requirements as stipulated in ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001 and SGS authentication and our stringent quality control system.
FAQ
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